One Man’s Journey Into Astrophotography
By Patrick A. Cosgrove
Welcome to Cosgrove’s Cosmos!
I created Cosgrove’s Cosmos so that I could share my images and the learnings I have made on this journey into the realm of Astrophotography. I am by no means an expert and I still have much to learn - but I am happy to share what I can with the hope that it will be of interest and perhaps even offer some help to those on their own journey.
Why Astrophotography?
Because it is a challenge. Because it is precise. Because it allows a person to capture amazing pictures of objects in our Universe that can’t easily be seen with the naked eye. Because it feels like magic. Because it adds a dash of the extraordinary to the common elements of our life.
I am an Astrophotographer.
I capture Ancient Light.
I listen to Whispering Photons.
I span the unfathomable reaches of time and space.
………..And I do it from my driveway!
The Scale of the Universe boggles the mind…
The stars in our local corner of the Milky Way Galaxy are so far away that it can take years for their light to reach us. The light from other objects in our own galaxy can take as long as 100,000 years to get here - depending on where they are located. But ours is not the only galaxy in the night sky - there are millions and millions of other galaxies and these are even further away. The light from these can take millions of years to reach us.
While stars can be bright, most of what is out there is very faint indeed. So faint that very little can be seen with our naked eyes… we just can’t catch enough photons with our eyes to trigger the sensation of sight.
To see what is out there, our eyes need some help.
A Telescope can help - it acts as a funnel - increasing the area that is catching photons and focusing them onto a smaller area - such as our eye.
A Camera sensor can help - sensors can replace our eyes and - unlike our eyes - they can integrate light over longer periods of time and “store them away”.
Astrophotography is about catching the thin stream of incoming Photons over time, and the painstaking processing of those faint signals - teasing them from the background noise - so that we may see the amazing things that populate our Universe.
Sparking the Imagination….
There’s something kind of awesome about capturing these images. Photons may travel for thousands or even millions of years - crossing the Universe and avoiding obstacles, gas, and dust - to finally enter the front of my telescope and to hit my camera sensor - to create a signal just barely above the noise level of the device.
These few photons - which have traveled so very far and for so very long - whisper to us and tell us of their home…
Astrophotographers must “ listen” very carefully to hear the stories they have to share…
Thank you for letting me share Journey into Astrophotography with you!
Patrick A. Cosgrove
MetaBlog Update #11: July 24, 2023
Another full year has gone by and Cosgove’s Cosmos is now two years old!
Metablog update #11 provides some background of what has been happening with Cosgrove’s Cosmos over the last quarter of a year!
This is a very different kind of post for me. A sudden health issue will keep me from starting this year’s imaging projects for a while. I wrote this to let people know what was happening - hoping that sharing my experience might be helpful to others.
MetaBlog Update #10: March 23, 2023
As winter winds down and spring is in the offing, the promise of clear skies cannot be far away!
Metablog update #10 provides some background of what has been happening with Cosgrove’s Cosmos over the last quarter of a year!
MetaBlog Update #9: Jan 1, 2023
We have wrapped up 2022 and are just starting out the first days of 2023, and I am way overdue in sharing an update on what has been happening with the website!
So here is Metablog Update #9!
I’ll cover the news of the past 5months as well as my entry into the video space!
MetaBlog Update #8: July 22, 2022
Celebrating our first year! Cosgrove’s Cosmos went live one year ago today, on July 22, 2021. One year later and we have come a very long way!
Let’s take a moment to reflect on where we stand!
The local Blackfriars Theater group is doing a production of “Silent Sky,” the story of Henrietta Leavitt. They contacted me and asked to use some of my images in their show!
Update #3: After almost a month of operation, it’s time to update what’s been going on with Cosgrove’s Cosmos!
Update # 2: The main project of late is migrating my entire portfolio of images and stories to the website. This is quite a job, but everything is now online.
Latest Imaging Project Post…
SH2-157, The Lobster Claw Nebula, is located 11,000 light-years away in the constellation of Cassiopeia. This is a Reprocess Project - working with data in 2024 that was captured in 2021. I wanted to see if I could improve on this image. I think I did!
This is the third and final Imaging Project resulting from data collected during a recent - and very rare for this year - clear string of nights!
This is WR134 - a Variable Wolf-Rayet Star located 6,000 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus. This is a very interesting and rich area of the sky with a lot of objects in view. This includes WR134, WR135, and WR137 - the very first Wolf-Rayet stars ever found. These stars stood out as they had broad emission lines in their spectra instead of just absorption lines typically seen in stars.. These stares are massive and hot and have short lives.
This is the second Imaging Project resulting from data collected during a recent - and very rare this year - clear string of nights!
This is NGC 6914 - a rich HII region located 6,000 light-years away in Cygnus. Typically shot in broadband RGB, decided to go after a narrowband version. This one resulted from 14.5 hours of SHOrgb data. The stars are broadband RGB, and the nebula is SHO Narrowband.
This object has no common name and I am proposing that we call it “The Spider Nebula!”
Finally! Some clear nights and some new fresh from the universe photon data! This imaging project covers SH2-112 - A diffuse emission nebula located about 5,600 light-years away in Cygnus. This is the result of 15.6 hours of SHOrgb data. Not of lot of info is available about this beautiful object, but I find it fascinating to study!
This is an Image Reprocessing Project for SH2-132, also known as The Lion Nebula - whose data was originally collected in September of 2021.
The Lion Nebula is a rich HII region with star clusters, emission nebulae, and dark dust regions. Located in the southern portion of the constellation Cepheus, the Lion Nebula is roughly 10,00 light-years away in the Perseus Arm of the Milky Way Galaxy. This is a very faint and challenging target.
This image was taken on the Askar FRA400 Platform with 8.33 hours of exposure in narrowband.
This is a Reprocessing Project for data collected for DWB 111/119 in Sept of 2021.
I was never happy with the initial image. I wanted to see if I could make it better. I had a really hard time figuring out where I wanted this image to go - I think the final version is better than the original but I am not sure. You judge!
This is a REPROCESSING PROJECT for Sharpless 101 (specifically Sh2-101) also known as the Tulip Nebula. This object is located approximately 6000 light-years away in the constellation of Cygnus (The Swan). This was a 12.8-hour integration with the AP130 platform using the ZWO ASI2600MM-Pro Camera.
I was able to significantly improve the image and am quite pleased with the improvement I was able to produce - but you be your own judge of this!
NGC 6888 - The Crescent Nebula is a famous emission nebula located in the constellation of Cygnus. This is a reprocessing project using image data first captured in September 2022.
SInce. I have no new data to process due to the wildfire smoke, I decided to use some new tools and processes to see if i could pull more details out from the O3 shell that surrounds the nebula.
THe resulting image show much more O3 detail - including some interesting convection cells towards the bottom of the nebula
With the recent discovery of a bright supernova in the well-known Messier 101 - The Pinwheel Galaxy - a lot of astrophotographers have been going out of their way to grab an image of this galaxy during this event.
As a result, there are many - probably TOO many - images of this going around.
So why take an image myself? Is it because I think I can do better? NOPE! After all, I shot this on a widefield scope not suitable for galaxies, and I ended up shooting through smoke and with too little integration. So why do it?
Well - I wanted my own image of this event- and I wanted an excuse to explore what supernovae really are - after all - here I am looking at one!
So this posting will delve into this topic….
Messier 102, also known as NGC 5866 and the Spindle Galaxy, is located 50 Million light-years away in the constellation of Draco. Its diameter is 60,000 light-years, making it 2/3rds the size of our Milkyway even though it has about the same mass.
NGC 5866 is one of the two galaxies known as the Spindle Galaxy. The other, NGC 3115, is an edge-on lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Serpens.
This was another image from the lul in the smoke plumes from Alberta. Because of this, this image was starved for integration time and shot through some smoke still in the sky - so this image is not as good as I would like it to be. But - if you zoom in, you can see a lot of detail in the galaxy's dust lane!
Messier 104, also known as the Sombrero Galaxy, is a stunning sight in the night sky. Located in the constellation Virgo, this galaxy stands out due to its unique shape. With a bright central bulge surrounded by a flat disk of stars, it resembles a sombrero hat. It is estimated to be approximately 28 million light-years away from Earth and spans about 94,000 light-years across.
I have always wanted to shoot this target, but this project produced a result far below what I was shooting for as conditions were poor (smoke plumes), and integration ended up being a ridiculous 1.7 hours!
Surprisingly the resulting image is not that bad. It's not good, either.
It did better than expected because of its capable Camera. But at least I have a baseline for when I shoot this target again n the future!
This imaging project captures two messier objects in the same field of view!
Messier 97 is a planetary nebula better known as the Owl Nebula.
Messier 108 is better known as the Surfboard Galaxy.
This image resulted from just under 4 hours of LRGB exposure. It was shot on my William Optics 132mm Plaform after being upgraded with a flattened/0.8X Reducer and a new ZWO ASI12600MM-Pro camera.
This image was the first project I have been able to do in 2023 and was taken on two nights when the Jet Stream pushed the Smoke Plume from the Alberta Wildfires to the south of us. But this image still suffered from smoke effects!
Messier 57, the Ring Nebula has long been a visual favorite of mine. This was a reprocess of data that was collected in 2022. Based on 14.7 hours of HaLRGB, this data showed the rarely seen outer shell. I wanted to see if I could improve on that image with advanced tools and techniques. Since the original image was published, I created a new imaging project for posting to contain both the old and the new versions in the collection.
This imaging project is not a recapture of data for M27 - the Dumbell Nebula. Rather it is an effort to reprocess old data using new tools and new processing methods to address some concerns I had about the original image - where I thought that the stars were bloated and unsharp, and that I thought I should be able to bring out more detail in the amazing outer gas shells that narrowband imaging shows for this target.
Latest Gear Post…
I just moved to a new house that will allow me to finally build the observatory that I have been wanting - and in the process, I ended up having a new large space where I could set up my office. So I used this unexpected opportunity to build my Dream Astrophotography Man Cave! See what I did and how it came together. Maybe you will find a few ideas for your own workspace!
The Latest Tips and Technique Posting…
Having trouble getting GPU Acelleration working with your AI-based Pixinsight Tools? This might just help!
I’ve been asked by many people what the impact of recent wildfires in Canada is on my Astrophotography.
In order to understand the answer to this question, one must have an appreciation for when Astrophotographers are able to capture data!
Can they just go out any night? Nope!
So lets talk about how Astrophotographers determine what nights are good for data capture and then we can better understand how wildfire smoke plumes come along and make things more difficult!
Astrophotographers love to share their images, and getting published in a major Astronomy Magazine is the ultimate form of sharing!
Several people have asked me to write a post about how went about getting published. I am far from being an expert in this area, but I am happy to share what I do, and what seems to work for me!
Follow these tips, and you may well soon see your own images in print!
After writing about how to use deconvolution in 7-part series with an additional two follow on articles, I am writing my 10th article o and probably my last on Deconvolution.
discuss RC Astro’s new BlurXTerminator is a smart AI-based tool that delivers a breakthrough capability that suddenly makes deconvolution accessible to all, is easy to use, and provides a result that is superior to the Traditional Deconvolution tool in Pixinsight.
This article covers what BlurXTerminator is, how it is used, examples of its results, workflow considerations, and a high-level review of the Neural Network technology it is built on.
Further - it discusses some of the pushback that BlurXTerminator has received.
New to Pixinsight? Or have you been using Pixinsight for a while and are interested in upping your Mask game? This post is for you! This provides a broad overview of the use of mask in Pixinsight, including the types of masks that can be made, how you can create, customize and leverage your mask to enhance your final results!
As another follow-up post to my “Using Deconvolution in Pixinsight” series, I have written a new post exploring the use of the Richardson-Lucy Wavelet Regularization parameters. Proper use of these parameters will protect the algorithm from image noise, preventing the inadvertent enhancement of noise by deconvolution. After learning these “secrets”, you will never have to use an Object Mask again to protect the low signal areas in an image, and you will have a more consistent application of deconvolution to all non-noise image structures!
As a follow on to my “Using Deconvolution in Pixinsight” series, I have written a new post exploring the use of the EZ-Decon Script. This powerful tool offers an alternative way to apply deconvolution to your images - a way that is easy and convenient compared to the traditional method. In this post I will cover what is different in EZ-Decon’s approach and how to use it effectively to enhance your images!
Deconvolution in Pixinsight is a very powerful tool for restoring lost sharpness in a system - but it is not the easiest tool to learn to use. When I started, I hard time coming up to speed - but with time, I finally learned to use the tool to use it to improve my images. In this seven-post series, I share what works for me, and get into the background of the problem domain so you can understand not just WHAT and the HOWs but also the WHYs as well. This is Part 1- An Introduction.
“Deconvolution in Pixinsight - Part 2 - An overview of PFS and Deconvolution” is a deeper dive that coves the concepts of Airy Disks and Point Spread Functions, Estimating PFS model for an image, and the first overview of Deconvolution and what it does. This is Part 2 of a 7-Part Series.
“Using Deconvolution in Pixinsight - Part 3 - Workflow Considerations” explores how Deconvolution fits into your workflow, what images should have Deconvolution Applied to, and how the workflow changes based on image type. This is part 3 of 7-part series.
“Using Deconvolution in Pixinsight - part 4 - Preparing for Deconvolution” covers the steps you must take in preparing to use Deconvolution. How to create masks and support images, image previews fields, and setting up the Deconvolution Tool panel for the initial testing is all covered. This is part 4 of a 7-part series.
“Using Deconvolution in Pixinsight - Part 5- Example - The Draco Triplet” demonstrates the application of Deconvolution for the first example image, consisting of The Draco Triplet taken on my Williams Optics 132mm APO. All steps are shown. This is part 5 of a 7-part series.
“Using Deconvolution in Pixinsight - Part 6- Example - Messier 63” demonstrates the application of Deconvolution for the second example image, consisting of Messier 63 - The Sunflower Galaxy. This was taken on my Astro-Physics 130mm APO. All steps are shown. This is part 6 of a 7-part series.
The Latest Observatory Project Post…
Move complete! Old house sold! It's time to pivot towards the Observatory Project. Here, I outline the Initial steps I am taking and review some preliminary hardware choices…
After two years of searching, we just bought a new house with a location in the backyard that will support my observatory! We can finally move forward with the project!
There has been no updates on my observatory project for over a year. During that time we have been engaged on a search for Land to build a house and an observatory - but in this tough market we have not found the right place yet! Even so, I thought it was time for an update on the search and my effort to design the observatory I would like to build!
My current project is to buy land, and build my personal Astrophotographic Observatory on it so that I no longer have to set up 3 scopes in the driveway each night! This is the first of several posts that will chronicle the planning and development of this observatory!
MetaBlog Update #12: Dec 18, 2023
Another full year has gone by and I thought I would share a year-end update on this strange, strange year!